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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in neuroendocrinology >Physiology and gene regulation of the brain NPY Y1 receptor.
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Physiology and gene regulation of the brain NPY Y1 receptor.

机译：大脑NPY Y1受体的生理和基因调控。

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摘要

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one of the most prominent and abundant neuropeptides in the mammalian brain where it interacts with a family of G-protein coupled receptors, including the Y(1) receptor subtype (Y(1)R). NPY-Y(1)R signalling plays a prominent role in the regulation of several behavioural and physiological functions including feeding behaviour and energy balance, sexual hormone secretion, stress response, emotional behaviour, neuronal excitability and ethanol drinking. Y(1)R expression is regulated by neuronal activity and peripheral hormones. The Y(1)R gene has been isolated from rodents and humans and it contains multiple regulatory elements that may participate in the regulation of its expression. Y(1)R expression in the hypothalamus is modulated by changes in energetic balance induced by a wide variety of conditions (fasting, pregnancy, hyperglycaemic challenge, hypophagia, diet induced obesity). Estrogens up-regulate responsiveness to NPY to stimulate preovulatory GnRH and gonadotropin surgesby increasing Y(1)R gene expression both in the hypothalamus and the pituitary. Y(1)R expression is modulated by different kinds of brain insults, such as stress and seizure activity, and alteration in its expression may contribute to antidepressant action. Chronic modulation of GABA(A) receptor function by benzodiazepines or neuroactive steroids also affects Y(1)R expression in the amygdala, suggesting that a functional interaction between the GABA(A) receptor and Y(1)R mediated signalling may contribute to the regulation of emotional behaviour. In this paper, we review the state of the art concerning Y(1)R function and gene expression, including our personal contribution to many of the subjects mentioned above.
机译：神经肽Y（NPY）是哺乳动物大脑中最突出和最丰富的神经肽之一，它与一系列G蛋白偶联受体（包括Y（1）受体亚型（Y（1）R））相互作用。 NPY-Y（1）R信号传导在几种行为和生理功能的调节中起着重要作用，包括进食行为和能量平衡，性激素分泌，应激反应，情绪行为，神经元兴奋性和饮酒。 Y（1）R表达受神经元活动和周围激素的调节。 Y（1）R基因已经从啮齿动物和人类中分离出来，它包含多个调控元件，这些调控元件可能参与其表达的调控。下丘脑中的Y（1）R表达受多种状况（禁食，妊娠，高血糖挑战，吞咽不足，饮食诱发的肥胖症）诱发的能量平衡变化的调节。雌激素通过增加下丘脑和垂体中的Y（1）R基因表达来上调对NPY的反应性，刺激排卵前GnRH和促性腺激素激增。 Y（1）R的表达受不同种类的脑损伤，例如压力和癫痫发作活动的调节，其表达的改变可能有助于抗抑郁作用。苯二氮卓类或神经活性类固醇对GABA（A）受体功能的慢性调节也影响杏仁核中的Y（1）R表达，表明GABA（A）受体和Y（1）R介导的信号传导之间的功能相互作用可能有助于调节情绪行为。在本文中，我们回顾了有关Y（1）R功能和基因表达的最新技术，包括我们对上述许多主题的个人贡献。

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