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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in neuroendocrinology >New evidence for estrogen receptors in gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons.
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New evidence for estrogen receptors in gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons.

机译：促性腺激素释放激素神经元中雌激素受体的新证据。

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摘要

Estrogen exerts a critical regulatory influence upon the biosynthetic and secretory activity of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. It seems likely that estrogen regulates the behavior of the GnRH neuron through multiple transsynaptic, neuronal-glial, and direct membrane modes of action. Advances in our understanding of these mechanisms over the last 3 years are highlighted. In addition, very recent studies have begun to provide evidence for the expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) in GnRH neurons in the rodent. Although not yet firmly established, the current consensus supports the hypothesis that GnRH neurons express ERbeta. Evidence exists for ERbeta mRNA expression by GnRH neurons throughout development and ERbeta immunoreactivity has now also been detected in these cells. Murine GnRH neurons have further been shown to express estrogen receptor-related receptor-alpha, an orphan receptor thought to constitutively activate estrogen response elements. Together, these findings provide a cornerstone for the reassessment of the role of ERs and related receptors in the direct genomic and potential nontranscriptional actions of estrogen upon the GnRH neuron.
机译：雌激素对促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）神经元的生物合成和分泌活性具​​有重要的调节作用。似乎雌激素可能通过多种突触，神经胶质和直接膜作用模式来调节GnRH神经元的行为。在过去三年中，我们对这些机制的理解取得了进步。另外，最近的研究已经开始为啮齿动物的GnRH神经元中雌激素受体（ER）的表达提供证据。尽管尚未确定，但目前的共识支持GnRH神经元表达ERbeta的假说。有证据表明在整个发育过程中，GnRH神经元表达了ERbeta mRNA，并且在这些细胞中也已经检测到ERbeta免疫反应性。鼠GnRH神经元已进一步显示出表达雌激素受体相关受体-α，这是一种被认为可组成性激活雌激素反应元件的孤儿受体。在一起，这些发现为重新评估ER和相关受体在雌激素对GnRH神经元的直接基因组和潜在非转录作用中的作用提供了基石。

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