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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in neuroendocrinology >Interconnections between the neuroendocrine hypothalamus and the central autonomic system. Geoffrey Harris Memorial Lecture, Kitakyushu, Japan, October 1998.
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Interconnections between the neuroendocrine hypothalamus and the central autonomic system. Geoffrey Harris Memorial Lecture, Kitakyushu, Japan, October 1998.

机译：神经内分泌下丘脑和中枢神经系统之间的相互联系。 1998年10月，杰弗里·哈里斯（Geoffrey Harris）纪念演讲，日本北九州市。

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摘要

Tract-tracing techniques in combination with immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used in intact and operated rats (hypothalamic lesions, transections of neuronal pathways) to localize and characterize neuronal connections between the hypothalamus and autonomic centers. Viscerosensory and somatosensory signals which relay in the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata reach the hypothalamus through various catecholaminergic and noncatecholaminergic neuronal pathways. Vice versa, the hypothalamus influences autonomic activities through humoral and neurohumoral pathways. Descending hypothalamic efferents carry feedback signals to viscerosensory and brainstem catecholaminergic neurons and regulatory inputs to parasympathetic (dorsal vagal nucleus) and sympathetic (thoracolumbar intermediolateral cell column) preganglionic neurons. These fibers arise mainly from neurons of the paraventricular, arcuate, perifornical, and dorsomedial nuclei and the lateral hypothalamus. The major neuroanatomical observations are the following: (1) pathways between the hypothalamus and autonomic centers are bidirectional: the ascending and descending fibers may use the same avenues; (2) the descending axons are mainly peptidergic (CRF, vasopressin, oxytocin, somatostatin, enkephalin, POMC, and cANP), while the ascending fibers are both peptidergic (enkephalin, NPY, neurotensin, dynorphins) and catecholaminergic; (3) descending hypothalamic axons terminate directly on the sensory, preganglionic, and catecholaminergic neurons in the medulla and the spinal cord; (4) hypothalamic projections to the autonomic centers are always bilateral; (5) while medullary autonomic and catecholaminergic fibers innervate hypothalamic neurons directly, spinohypothalamic axons are relayed on neurons in the lateral hypothalamus.
机译：在完整的和手术的大鼠（下丘脑病变，神经元通路的横断）中使用了与免疫组织化学和原位杂交相结合的示踪技术，以定位和表征下丘脑和自主神经之间的神经元连接。在脊髓和延髓中传递的内脏和体感信号通过各种儿茶酚胺能和非儿茶酚胺能神经元途径到达下丘脑。反之亦然，下丘脑通过体液和神经体液途径影响自主活动。下丘脑传出的信号传递至内脏和脑干儿茶酚胺能神经元的反馈信号，并向副交感神经（背迷走神经核）和交感神经（胸腰椎间外侧细胞列）神经节前神经元传递调节信号。这些纤维主要来自心室旁，弓形，室旁和背核的神经元以及下丘脑外侧。主要的神经解剖学观察如下：（1）下丘脑和植物神经中心之间的通路是双向的：上升和下降纤维可能使用相同的途径; （2）下降的轴突主要是肽能的（CRF，血管加压素，催产素，生长抑素，脑啡肽，POMC和cANP），而上升的纤维都是肽能的（脑啡肽，NPY，神经降压素，强啡肽）和儿茶酚胺能; （3）下降的下丘脑轴突直接终止于延髓和脊髓的感觉，神经节前和儿茶酚胺能神经元; （4）下丘脑向自主神经中心的投射始终是双边的; （5）当髓质自主神经和儿茶酚胺能纤维直接神经支配下丘脑神经元时，刺索下丘脑轴突则在下丘脑外侧神经元上传递。

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