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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Refrigeration >From mine to refrigeration: a life cycle inventory analysis of the production of HFC-134a
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From mine to refrigeration: a life cycle inventory analysis of the production of HFC-134a

机译：从矿山到制冷：HFC-134a生产的生命周期清单分析

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A life cycle inventory analysis has been conducted for the production of HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, CH{sub}2FCF{sub}3) through from basic raw materials (crude oil, natural gas, sulphur and fluorspar) to the pure product delivered to industrial customers. The analysis was based on real industrial operations in Japan, USA and UK. It showed that production required limestone, water and transition metal catalysts, in addition to the basic raw materials, and that the energy required to provide these raw materials in a form that can be used at the plants and to process them through intermediates into HFC-134a is the equivalent of 4.52 tonnes of CO{sub}2 per tonne of product. Environmental releases associated with HFC-134a included waste salt brine (to the sea), mine tailings (mainly "country" rock landfilled at the mine) and small quantities of calcium sulphate and spent catalyst (both sent to landfill). In addition, greenhouse gases amounting to the equivalent of 2.1 tonnes of CO{sub}2 per tonne of product were emitted to the atmosphere from the plants studied, an effect very much smaller than that estimated in previous studies mainly because the real release rates from current processes are very much less than those assumed in prior work. The global warming potential of HFC-134a is 1300, meaning that, during the first 100 years following the release of one tonne, the effect on climate change is equivalent to 1300 tonnes of carbon dioxide. Consequently, the 6.6 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent, emitted during production in the form of energy required and other greenhouse gases, is of relatively little importance and the key requirement to reduce environmental impact is containment during use.
机译：已通过从基本原料（原油，天然气，硫和水）生产HFC-134a（1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷，CH {sub} 2FCF {sub} 3）进行生命周期清单分析。氟石）将纯净的产品交付给工业客户。该分析基于日本，美国和英国的实际工业运营。结果表明，生产除基本原料外，还需要石灰石，水和过渡金属催化剂，并且以这些原料可以在工厂使用的形式提供这些原料，并通过中间体加工成HFC- 134a相当于每吨产品4.52吨CO {sub} 2。与HFC-134a相关的环境释放包括废盐盐水（出海），矿山尾矿（主要是在矿场填埋的“乡村”岩石）和少量的硫酸钙和废催化剂（均送往填埋场）。此外，所研究的植物向大气排放了相当于每吨产品2.1吨CO {sub} 2的温室气体，其影响比以前的研究估计的要小得多，主要是因为当前的流程比以前的工作所设想的要少得多。 HFC-134a的全球变暖潜能为1300，这意味着在释放1吨后的前100年中，对气候变化的影响相当于1300吨二氧化碳。因此，在生产过程中以所需的能源和其他温室气体的形式排放的6.6吨二氧化碳当量的重要性相对较小，减少环境影响的关键要求是使用过程中的围堵。

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