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首页> 外文期刊>IAWA Journal >A new approach for modelling water transport in fossil plants
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A new approach for modelling water transport in fossil plants

机译：一种新方法，用于在化石植物中建模水运输

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The origin of xylem in the Silurian was a major step in plant evolution, leading to diverse growth forms with various mechanical and hydraulic properties. In the fossil record, these properties can only be investigated using models based on extant plant physiology. Regarding hydraulics, previous studies have considered either the properties of a single tracheid or of a set of independent tubes. Here, we use the analogy between the flow of water under tension in a plant and an electrical circuit to develop an extension of Wilson's single tracheid model to the tissue scale. Upscaling to the tissue-level allows considering wood as a heterogeneous tissue by taking into account differences in tracheid density and the presence of rays. The new model provides a more biologically accurate representation of fossil wood hydraulic properties. The single tracheid and new tissue models are applied to two conspecific specimens of Callixylon (Progymnospermopsida, Archeopteridales) from the Late Devonian of Morocco. Differences are shown at the tissue level that cannot be suspected at the single tracheid level. Callixylon represents the first trees with a conifer-like wood and is a major component of Late Devonian floras worldwide. Our results show that the anatomical disparity of its wood might have led to hydraulic plasticity, allowing growth in various environmental conditions. More generally, the new tissue-model suggests that the various combinations of tracheid and ray sizes present in Palaeozoic plants might have led to a higher variety of ecophysiologies than suspected based solely on the properties of individual tracheids.
机译：硅藻土的起源是植物演化的主要步骤，导致各种生长形式，具有各种机械和液压性能。在化石记录中，这些属性只能使用基于现存植物生理学的模型来研究。关于液压系统，先前的研究已经考虑了单个躯干或一组独立管的性质。在这里，我们在植物中的张力下的水流动之间使用类比，电路将威尔逊的单个Tracheid模型的延伸产生给组织量表。通过考虑到颅内密度的差异和光线存在，将木材升高允许考虑木材作为异质组织。新型型号提供了更加生物学准确的化石木液压性能表示。从摩洛哥晚德文郡的罗西克朗（Progymnospermopsida，Archeopteridales）的两种Callingylon（Progymnospermopsida，Archeopteridales）的两种成分标本应用于来自摩洛哥。差异显示在组织水平上，不能怀疑在单一的颅内水平。 Callingylon代表了一种带有针叶树状木材的第一棵树，是全球Depend Demonian Floras的主要组成部分。我们的研究结果表明，其木材的解剖差距可能导致液压可塑性，允许各种环境条件的增长。更一般地，新的组织模型表明，猴型植物中存在的颅内和射线尺寸的各种组合可能导致较高的生态学，而不是仅基于个体管制的性质。

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