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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Arboriculture >Trees and wind: wind scales and speeds
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Trees and wind: wind scales and speeds

机译：树木和风：风的尺度和速度

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摘要

Arbor ists and urban foresters frequently refer to "wind loads," "sail areas," and so forth when discussing the risk of tree failure. Whether the discussion is generally descriptive or specifically quantitative, wind speed is an essential consideration. Wind load is a function of wind speed. Acceptable levels of risk must be associated with wind speeds and their probability of recurrence (Cullen 2002a).It is conventional in scholarly literature to cite wind speed in SI (Systeme International) units of m/s (NIST, no date). It is customary, however, for meteorological agencies to report wind speeds in miles per hour, knots, or kilometers per hour. The preferred units vary by both agency and country. In addition, various classification scales are used to describe weather events by wind speed ranges. Some of the tree-risk literature employs these scale numbers (e.g., Sinn and Wessolly 1989; Wessolly 1995;Peterson and Rebertus 1997; Wessolly and Erb 1998; Hayes 1999; Peterson 2000; Brudi 2002).These various usages may be an obstacle to proper understanding of the tree-wind literature (Cullen 2002b), to practical tree-risk management, and to dissemination of knowledge and methods across national and cultural boundaries. The tables in this article should facilitate simple and accurate comparison.
机译：乔木家和城市林木工人在讨论树木倒闭的风险时经常提到“风荷载”，“风帆区域”等。无论讨论是描述性的还是定量的讨论，风速都是必不可少的考虑因素。风载荷是风速的函数。可接受的风险水平必须与风速及其复发的可能性相关联（Cullen 2002a）。在学术文献中，通常以m / s的SI（国际系统）单位引用风速（NIST，无日期）。但是，气象机构通常以每小时英里数，节数或每小时公里数报告风速。首选单位因机构和国家/地区而异。另外，各种分类量表用于通过风速范围描述天气事件。一些有树危险的文献使用了这些尺度数字（例如，Sinn和Wessolly 1989; Wessolly 1995; Peterson和Rebertus 1997; Wessolly和Erb 1998; Hayes 1999; Peterson 2000; Brudi 2002）。对树风文献有适当的理解（Cullen 2002b），对树风风险进行实际管理，并在国家和文化边界上传播知识和方法。本文中的表格应有助于简单而准确的比较。

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