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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Arboriculture >A review of shade tree nitrogen fertilization research in the United States
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A review of shade tree nitrogen fertilization research in the United States

机译：美国树荫下氮肥的研究综述

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Shade tree nitrogen fertilization research in the United States, beginning in the 1920s, is reviewed. The early empirical studies demonstrated that shade tree growth in?creased in response to N applications, that N source did not significantly affect growth; that surface applications were as effective as soil injection or drilling, and that N application rates of 29 g N/m~2r (6 lb/100 ft~2) were near optimal. Also, resulting from these studies were recommendations for dormant-season (early spring,late fall) N application times. The trees in these studies were planted on relatively close spacings and the experiments were conducted over long periods of time. Thus, the results were most likely confounded by "shared root zones." Due to root growth out of the "treated" areas and into adjacent plots, roots from a single tree could be exposed to two or more treatments. Two additional confounding factors were that many studies were established on soils with high native fertility and that grass competedfor water and nutrients. These factors may explain the general absence of treatment differences in these studies. Later studies conducted with (~15)N showed low N uptake during the dormant (leafless) season, bringing into question the practice of dormant-season N applications. Additional research is needed with tree-lawn systems to define N uptake patterns, seasonal N uptake potential, and N cycling among the system's components.
机译：回顾了始于1920年代的美国树荫下的氮肥研究。早期的经验研究表明，遮荫树的生长随着氮肥施用量的增加而增加，氮源对生长的影响不显着。表面施肥与注土或钻孔一样有效，施氮量29 g N / m〜2r（6 lb / 100 ft〜2）接近最佳。此外，从这些研究中得出的建议是休眠季节（春季早，秋季晚）N施用时间。这些研究中的树木以相对较近的间距种植，并且实验是经过长时间进行的。因此，结果很可能与“共享根区域”混淆。由于根生长出“已处理”区域并进入相邻地块，一棵树的根可能会接受两种或多种处理。另外两个令人困惑的因素是，许多研究是在天然肥力高的土壤上进行的，而草则争夺水和养分。这些因素可以解释在这些研究中普遍不存在治疗差异。后来用（〜15）N进行的研究表明，在休眠（无叶）季节中氮的吸收较低，这使休眠季节施氮的做法受到质疑。树草坪系统需要进一步研究，以定义N吸收模式，季节性N吸收潜力以及系统组件之间的N循环。

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