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A qualitative investigation of the motivational climate in elite sport

机译：定性研究精英运动的动机氛围

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This study examined the construction of the motivational climate surrounding elite sports performers by investigating the behaviours of coaches, peers and parents that were perceived to be motivationally relevant by elite athletes. Design: Qualitative e inductive. Method: Twenty-eight national, international and world-class athletes (15-29 years old) took part in semi-structured focus groups and interviews investigating how they believe coaches, parents, and peers influence their motivation. Results: An inductive content analysis indicated that elite athletes perceived a multitude of motivationally-relevant social cues. Coaches and peers were reported to be focal influences, whilst the role of parents appeared to be limited to emotional and moral support. Themes of feedback/evaluation, and pre-performance motivating behaviours were common to all social agents, whereas only the coach eathlete and peereathlete relationships appeared to be important in moderating and directly influencing motivation towards sport. The influences of social agents related to the specific roles they performed in the athlete's life: instruction and leadership for coaches; emotional support, collaborative and/ or competitive behaviours for peers, and for parents, a diminished role relative to when the athletes were younger. Conclusions: A central finding of the paper is that there was no discernible one-to-one correspondence between specific behaviours and their impact on motivation. Instead, the findings suggest complex contextual interactions between the immediate behaviours of social agents and the impact on the athlete's motivation. If supported, this finding would necessitate new and novel approaches in future research in order to facilitate a more advanced understanding of athlete motivation in elite sport.
机译：这项研究通过调查教练，同龄人和父母的行为被精英运动员认为与动机相关，从而考察了精英运动员周围动机环境的构建。设计：定性和归纳。方法：28位国家级，国际级和世界级的运动员（15-29岁）参加了半结构化的焦点小组和访谈，以调查他们如何相信教练，父母和同龄人如何影响他们的动机。结果：归纳性内容分析表明，优秀运动员意识到了许多与动机相关的社交线索。据报道，教练和同伴是重点影响者，而父母的作用似乎仅限于情感和道德支持。反馈/评估和表演前的激励行为的主题对所有社会代理人来说都是普遍的，而只有教练，运动员和对等运动员之间的关系在调节和直接影响运动动机方面似乎很重要。社会因素的影响与其在运动员生活中所扮演的特定角色有关：教练的指导和领导;同龄人和父母的情感支持，协作和/或竞争行为，相对于运动员年轻时的作用有所减弱。结论：该论文的主要发现是，特定行为与其对动机的影响之间没有明显的一对一对应关系。相反，研究结果表明，社会主体的直接行为与对运动员动机的影响之间存在复杂的环境相互作用。如果得到支持，这一发现将有必要在未来的研究中采用新颖的方法，以促进对精英运动中运动员动机的更深入的了解。

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