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首页> 外文期刊>Psychology of sport and exercise >The home advantage in individual sports: An augmented review (Review)
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The home advantage in individual sports: An augmented review (Review)

机译：个人运动中的主场优势：增强评论（Review）

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摘要

Is the home advantage in individual sports comparable in magnitude and consistency to that in team sports? If not, is it nevertheless a major factor? The present paper reviews the literature to date with respect to these questions and augments it with original analyses where appropriate. Design: The review is framed and dominated by a design consideration, namely, that all major team sports play balanced home-and-away schedules, whereas individual sports rarely, if ever, do. As a result, it is necessary to take player quality into account in assessing home advantage in an individual sport. Method/approach: The paper begins with three individual sports (tennis, golf, and boxing) in which home advantage has been studied using available controls for player quality. It moves on to individual and team sports in the Olympics, where home advantage has also been studied with credible controls on player (country) quality. Studies are then reviewed in which player quality has not been controlled. Finally, data are presented for two individual efforts embedded in team sports (free throws in basketball and shootouts in ice hockey). Results: Subjectively evaluated sports such as diving, gymnastics, or figure skating usually show sizable and significant home advantages. Otherwise, occasional findings have been reported but they are not consistent within a sport, are generally weak, and often statistically unreliable. Conclusions: Except for subjectively evaluated sports, home advantage is not a major factor in individual sports, much less does it play a role in individual sports comparable to its role in team sports.
机译：个人运动中的主场优势在规模和一致性上是否可与团体运动相媲美？如果不是，这是否是主要因素？本文回顾了迄今为止有关这些问题的文献，并在适当时通过原始分析加以补充。设计：审查以设计考虑为框架，即所有主要的团队运动都采用平衡的上，下场时间安排，而个人运动很少（如果有的话）这样做。结果，在评估单个运动中的主场优势时，必须考虑运动员的素质。方法/方法：本文从三个单独的运动（网球，高尔夫和拳击）开始，其中已经使用球员质量控制来研究主场优势。在奥运会上，它逐渐发展为个人和团体运动。在这里，对主场优势也进行了研究，并对运动员（国家）的质量进行了可靠的控制。然后审查研究，其中没有控制球员的素质。最后，将提供有关参与团队运动的两项个人努力的数据（篮球中的罚球和冰球中的枪战）。结果：经过主观评估的运动，如潜水，体操或花样滑冰通常显示出相当大的显着的家庭优势。否则，偶尔会发现一些报道，但在一项运动中它们并不一致，通常较弱，并且在统计上通常不可靠。结论：除了主观评估的体育项目外，主场优势不是个人体育项目的主要因素，与其在团体体育项目中的作用相比，它在个人体育项目中的作用要小得多。

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