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首页> 外文期刊>Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. B, Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms >A nonparametric assessment of the relative output of INAA and PIXE on joint determinands in environmental samples (atmospheric biomonitors)
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A nonparametric assessment of the relative output of INAA and PIXE on joint determinands in environmental samples (atmospheric biomonitors)

机译：对INAA和PIXE在环境样品（大气生物监测仪）中联合测定的相对输出量的非参数评估

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摘要

Other than their inherent accuracy, analytical robustness and nondestructive features, instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) are both multi-elemental techniques that complement - and partially overlap - each other with respect to a vast majority of elements of interest in environmental studies and life sciences at large. Analytical accuracy notwithstanding, INAA and PIXE ask for different sample-preparation procedures and rely on dissimilar energy-related profiles, which can lead to some divergence in their operational outputs. Especially interesting are the elements determined by either technique, in that they can provide what one might call an index of intrinsic reliability as to an elemental pool. This paper presents an evaluation of the relative performance of INAA and PIXE on measurements in atmospheric biomonitors, namely epiphytic lichens of the Parmelia genus. The study is based upon 4 elements - Fe, Mn, Rb (customary crustal references) and K (an indicator of physiological status) - in lichen samples from 58 sites in mainland Portugal. Distribution-free statistics - rank-order correlations and enhanced-sign tests - were used for checking the degree of association between concentration patterns (variables) and any significant differences between individual values (variates), respectively. The results show that (ⅰ) for all elements, the area-wide patterns by either technique display similar trends; and (ⅱ) for all elements but rubidium, no statistically sound evidence for relative bias - consistently higher or lower values by one technique - could be found. As far as this investigation goes, the techniques may be used interchangeably for determining Fe, K and Mn in Parmelia spp. samples.
机译：仪器中子活化分析（INAA）和粒子诱发的X射线发射（PIXE）除了其固有的准确性，分析稳健性和无损特征外，两者都是多元素技术，可以相互补充-并部分重叠-对环境研究和整个生命科学感兴趣的大多数元素。尽管分析精度很高，但INAA和PIXE要求使用不同的样品制备程序，并依赖于与能量相关的不同曲线，这可能导致其操作输出有所不同。通过这两种技术确定的元素特别有趣，因为它们可以提供所谓的元素池内在可靠性指标。本文介绍了在大气生物监测仪（即梅花属的附生地衣）的测量中，INAA和PIXE的相对性能的评估。这项研究基于葡萄牙大陆58个地点的地衣样品中的4种元素-Fe，Mn，Rb（常规地壳参考）和K（生理状况指标）。使用无分布统计-秩相关和增强符号检验-分别检查浓度模式（变量）与各个值（变量）之间的任何显着差异之间的关联程度。结果表明，对于所有元素，两种方法的面积分布图都显示出相似的趋势。 （ⅱ）除but以外的所有元素，在统计学上均未发现相对偏倚的证据-通过一种技术始终保持较高或较低的值。就本研究而言，该技术可以互换使用，用于测定Parmelia spp中的Fe，K和Mn。样品。

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