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首页> 外文期刊>Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. B, Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms >Applications of invariant embedding: positron backscattering from surfaces
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Applications of invariant embedding: positron backscattering from surfaces

机译：不变嵌入的应用：表面上的正电子反向散射

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摘要

An effective invariant-embedding technique is developed for the detailed description of charged-particle backscattering from solids, with example calculations concentrating on quasielastic positron backscattering. The invariant-embedding formalism considered incorporates elastic and inelastic interactions, as well as particle annihilation effects, and allows a very efficient numerical scheme (based upon a recurrence in the number of elastic collisions) for accurate and fast evaluation of various distributions of backscattered particles, including those resolved at once in numerous variables. Not invoking drastic simplifications characteristic for existing analytical-based approaches and easily handling realistic collision cross-sections, the calculation scheme allows to test the accuracy of simulation programs and -within its (albeit more narrow) range of validity - offers significant advantages compared to those as regards accuracy, computing speed, and resolution. Capabilities of the approach are illustrated by calculation results pertaining to elastic and inelastic positron backscattering for various targets and energies in the keV range. Distributions in (dependences on) numerous variables (incidence and/or emission directions, numbers of elastic and/or inelastic collisions, path length, energy, target atomic number) and their combinations are exemplified, and their nontrivial features are briefly discussed.
机译：开发了一种有效的不变嵌入技术，用于从固体中带电粒子反向散射的详细描述，其中示例计算集中于准弹性正电子反向散射。所考虑的不变嵌入形式主义结合了弹性和非弹性相互作用以及粒子effects没效应，并提供了一种非常有效的数值方案（基于弹性碰撞次数的复发），可以准确而快速地评估各种反向散射粒子的分布，包括同时解决多个变量中的问题。与现有的基于分析的方法相比，该方法无需调用极大的简化方法并易于处理实际的碰撞截面，该计算方案可以测试模拟程序的准确性，并且在其（尽管范围更窄）有效范围之内，与那些相比，具有明显的优势。关于准确性，计算速度和分辨率。通过计算结果说明了该方法的能力，该计算结果涉及keV范围内各种目标和能量的正负弹性和非弹性正电子反向散射。举例说明了（取决于）众多变量（入射和/或发射方向，弹性和/或非弹性碰撞的次数，路径长度，能量，目标原子序数）及其组合的分布，并简要讨论了它们的重要特性。

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