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首页> 外文期刊>Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research >Retention and release mechanisms of deuterium implanted into beryllium
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Retention and release mechanisms of deuterium implanted into beryllium

机译：铍中氘的保留和释放机理

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The fraction of deuterium (D) that is retained upon irradiation of beryllium (Be) as well as the temperatures at which implanted D is released are of importance for the international fusion experiment ITER, where Be will be used as an armor material. The influence of single parameters on retention and release is investigated in laboratory experiments performed under well defined conditions with the aim to identify dominant underlying mechanisms and thus be able to predict the behavior of the Be wall in ITER. Recent progress in the quantification of retained fractions and release temperatures as well as in the understanding of the governing mechanisms is presented. The retained fraction upon implantation of D at 1 keV into Be(l120) to fluences far below the saturation threshold of 10~(21) m~(-2) is almost 95%, the remaining 5% being attributed to reflection at the surface. At these low fluences, no dependence of the retained fractions on implantation energy is observed. At fluences of the order of 1021 m"2 and higher, saturation of the irradiated material affects the retention, leading to lower retained fractions. Furthermore, at these fluences the retained fractions decrease with decreasing implantation energies. Differences in the retained fractions from implanted Be(1120) and polycrystalline Be are explained by anisotropic diffusion of interstitials during implantation, leading to an amount of surviving D-trap complexes that depends on surface-orientation. Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) spectra are recorded after implantation of fluences of the order of 10~(19) m~(-2) at various energies and simulated by means of a newly developed code based on coupled reaction-diffusion systems (CRDS). The asymmetric shape of the TPD peaks is reproduced by introducing a local D accumulation process into the model.
机译：铍（Be）辐照后保留的氘（D）比例以及释放注入的D的温度对于国际聚变实验ITER非常重要，在该实验中，Be将用作装甲材料。在确定的条件下进行的实验室实验中研究了单个参数对保留和释放的影响，目的是确定主要的潜在机理，从而能够预测ITER中Be壁的行为。介绍了保留级分和释放温度的定量以及对控制机理的理解方面的最新进展。将1 keV的D注入Be（l120）中至远低于饱和阈值10〜（21）m〜（-2）的注量时，保留分数几乎为95％，其余5％归因于表面反射。在这些低通量下，未观察到保留部分对注入能量的依赖性。在1021 m“ 2或更高数量级的注量下，受辐照材料的饱和度会影响保留率，从而导致保留分数降低。此外，在这些注量下，保留分数随注入能量的降低而降低。从注入的Be中保留分数的差异（1120）和多晶Be可以通过在植入过程中间隙的各向异性扩散来解释，从而导致一定数量的D-trap配合物存活，这取决于表面取向。注入一定量的通量后，记录了程序升温解吸（TPD）光谱通过耦合反应扩散系统（CRDS）基于新开发的代码模拟10〜（19）m〜（-2）的能量，并通过引入局部D积累来再现TPD峰的不对称形状进入模型。

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