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Education, lifelong learning, inequality and financial access: evidence from African countries

机译:教育,终身学习,不平等和经济机会:来自非洲国家的证据

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This study investigates the role of financial access in modulating the effect of education and lifelong learning on inequality in 48 African countries for the period 1996-2014. Lifelong learning is conceived and measured as the combined knowledge gained from primary through tertiary education while the three educational indicators are: primary school enrolment; secondary school enrolment and tertiary school enrolment. Financial development dynamics are measured with financial system deposits (liquid liabilities), financial system activity (credit) and financial system efficiency (deposits/ credit). Three measures of inequality are employed notably: the Gini coefficient; the Atkinson index and the Palma ratio. The estimation strategy is based on the generalised method of moments. The following findings are established. First, primary school enrolment interacts with all financial channels to exert negative effects on the Gini index. Second, lifelong learning has negative net effects on the Gini index through financial deposit and efficiency channels. Third, for the most part, the other educational levels do not significantly influence inequality through financial access channels. Policy implications are discussed.
机译:这项研究调查了1996-2014年间,在48个非洲国家,财务准入在调节教育和终身学习对不平等的影响方面的作用。终身学习的概念和度量是从小学到高等教育获得的综合知识,而三个教育指标是:小学入学率;中学入学率和高等教育入学率。金融发展动态是通过金融系统存款(流动负债),金融系统活动(信贷)和金融系统效率(存款/信贷)来衡量的。显着地采用了三种不平等度量:基尼系数;阿特金森指数和帕尔玛比率。估计策略基于矩的广义方法。建立了以下发现。首先,小学入学率与所有经济渠道相互作用,对基尼系数产生负面影响。第二,终身学习通过财务存款和效率渠道对基尼指数产生负面的净影响。第三,在大多数情况下,其他教育水平不会通过财务渠道显着影响不平等。讨论了政策含义。

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