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Counting the 21st century children of Britain: the extent of advantage and disadvantage

机译：数英国的21世纪儿童：优势和劣势的程度

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摘要

The individual Sample of Anonymised Records (SAR) was used from the 2001 Census to investigate the life circumstances of children in turn-of-the-millennium Britain. The numbers of children in the SAR, and by inference, the country, living in conditions of relative disadvantage or social exclusion are calculated, described and debated. The study also considers those children living in conditions of relative advantage, circumstances that are not often measured but are equally important if we want to understand how the first new populations of the 21st century are growing up. It was found that in 2001, approximately one-third of all children were experiencing two or more markers of disadvantage, such as overcrowded housing, long-term illness or living in a household with no adults in paid employment. Conversely, around 15 per cent of children experienced two or more indicators of advantage, such as living with adults in high-status, well-paid jobs, or in households with access to two or more cars. In relating these measures of advantage and disadvantage to children's ethnicity and religion (the latter collected for the first time in the 2001 Census), some startling variations were found. For example, half of Muslim children (compared to 29 per cent of all children) scored two or more on the indicator of multiple disadvantages, as did 59 per cent of children of African/Black African ethnicity. Similarly, while 15 per cent of all children scored two or more on the indicator of multiple advantage, only 8 per cent of Muslim and 6 per cent of African/Black African children did so. Other findings included that: children living on the 5th floor or above of a building, compared to those living on the 4th floor or below, were eight times as likely to live in overcrowded conditions, four times as likely to live in a household with no paid employment, three times as likely to be a lone-parent household, and seven times as likely to be of black or minority ethnic group.
机译：从2001年的人口普查中使用了单独的匿名记录样本（SAR），以调查儿童在千禧年英国的生活状况。计算，描述和辩论了特区的儿童人数，并据此推断该国处于相对不利或社会排斥状况的儿童。这项研究还考虑了那些生活在相对优势条件下的孩子，这种情况并不经常被衡量，但是如果我们想了解21世纪第一批新人口是如何成长的，这些条件同样重要。据发现，在2001年，所有儿童中约有三分之一处于两个或多个不利处境，例如住房拥挤，长期生病或住在没有成年人的有薪工作的家庭中。相反，约有15％的儿童经历了两个或更多的优势指标，例如与成年人一起生活在高地位，高薪工作中，或住在有两辆或更多汽车的家庭中。在将这些优缺点与儿童的种族和宗教（后者在2001年人口普查中首次收集）联系起来时，发现了一些惊人的变化。例如，一半的穆斯林儿童（占所有儿童的29％）在多重不利指标上得分为2分或更高，非洲/黑人非洲裔儿童的得分则为59％。同样，虽然所有儿童中有15％在多重优势指标上得分为2分或更高，但只有8％的穆斯林和6％的非洲/黑人非洲儿童获得了此项。其他发现包括：与住在4楼或以下的孩子相比，住在建筑物5楼或5楼以上的孩子居住在拥挤的环境中的可能性是八倍，在没有孩子的家庭中居住的可能性是四倍。有薪工作，是单亲家庭的三倍，是黑人或少数民族的七倍。

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