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Transnational space and the 'network society'

机译：跨国空间与“网络社会”

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摘要

The issue that this paper addresses is whether we live in a network society and what spatial implications networking has for society. A network is the inner structure of a self-organising system comprised of parts, their relationships/interactions and the patterns that emerge from the interactions. Space is made by all internal structures of a system that are delimited by a system border from an environment; it is the area of activity and interaction of a system. Each social system has its own space, i.e. it is based on transformed parts of nature, created artefacts and human bodies that are related to each other at a certain (variable and changing) distance. Society creates space, space creates society, people modify and (re)create the spaces they live in and in turn are modified by them. The term 'network society' obscures the continuity of domination and capitalism and stresses the discontinuity brought about by the increasing importance of computer networks, knowledge and transnationalism. It is suggested that 'global network capitalism' is a more suitable term. Global network capitalism is based on a transnational organisational model, organisations cross national boundaries, the novel aspect is that organisations and social networks are increasingly globally distributed, that actors and substructures are located globally and change dynamically (new nodes can be continuously added and removed), and that the flows of capital, power, money, commodities, people and information are processed globally at high-speed. Cyberspace allows the global flexibilisation and global extension of social systems in space, and the overcoming of temporal limits, it supports the transnationalisation of capitalism. Global network capitalism is based on structural inequalities; it is made up of segmented (economic, political, cultural) spaces in which central hubs (transnational corporations, certain political actors, regions, and countries, western lifestyles and worldviews) centralise the production, control and flows of economic, political and cultural capital (property, power, skills). Global network capitalism is an antagonistic system; transnational networks are both spaces of domination and spaces of potential liberation from domination. Network commons challenge network capitalism, networked control is challenged by networked participation, and networked manipulation by networked wisdom.
机译：本文要解决的问题是我们是否生活在网络社会中，以及网络对社会的空间意义。网络是一个自组织系统的内部结构，由各个部分，它们之间的关系/交互作用以及从交互作用中产生的模式组成。空间是由系统的所有内部结构所构成的，这些内部结构由系统边界与环境分隔；它是系统活动和交互的领域。每个社会系统都有其自己的空间，即，它基于自然界的变化部分，人造物和人体，它们以一定（可变和变化）的距离相互关联。社会创造空间，空间创造社会，人们改造和（重新）创造他们所居住的空间，并进而被他们改造。 “网络社会”一词掩盖了统治和资本主义的连续性，并强调了计算机网络，知识和跨国主义的日益重要所带来的不连续性。建议“全球网络资本主义”是一个更合适的术语。全球网络资本主义基于跨国组织模型，组织跨越国界，新颖的方面是组织和社交网络日益全球分布，参与者和子结构位于全球并动态变化（可以不断添加和删除新节点） ，并在全球范围内高速处理资本，权力，资金，商品，人员和信息的流动。网络空间允许空间系统的全球灵活性和全球扩展，以及时间限制的克服，它支持资本主义的跨国化。全球网络资本主义基于结构性不平等；它由分段的（经济，政治，文化）空间组成，中央枢纽（跨国公司，某些政治行为者，地区和国家，西方生活方式和世界观）在这些空间中集中了经济，政治和文化资本的生产，控制和流动（财产，权力，技能）。全球网络资本主义是一个对立的体系。跨国网络既是统治的空间，又是潜在摆脱统治的空间。网络公域挑战网络资本主义，网络控制面临网络参与的挑战，网络操纵受到网络智慧的挑战。

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  • 来源
    《Society》 |2007年第1期|p.49-78|共30页
  • 作者

    Christian Fuchs;

  • 作者单位

    ICT&S Center for Advanced Studies and Research in Information and Communication, Technologies & Society, University of Salzburg, Sigmund Haffner Gasse 18, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 社会学;
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