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(Magneto)caloric refrigeration: is there light at the end of the tunnel?

机译:(磁热制冷:隧道尽头有光吗?

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摘要

Caloric cooling and heat pumping rely on reversible thermal effects triggered in solids by magnetic, electric or stress fields. In the recent past, there have been several successful demonstrations of using first-order phase transition materials in laboratory cooling devices based on both the giant magnetocaloric and elastocaloric effects. All such materials exhibit non-equilibrium behaviours when driven through phase transformations by corresponding fields. Common wisdom is that non-equilibrium states should be avoided; yet, as we show using a model material exhibiting a giant magnetocaloric effect, non-equilibrium phase-separated states offer a unique opportunity to achieve uncommonly large caloric effects by very small perturbations of the driving field(s).This article is part of the themed issue ‘Taking the temperature of phase transitions in cool materials’.
机译:热量的冷却和热泵依赖于固体的磁场,电场或应力场触发的可逆热效应。在最近的过去,基于巨磁热和弹性热效应,已经成功地进行了多次演示,证明在实验室冷却设备中使用一阶相变材料。当通过相应场通过相变驱动时,所有这些材料都表现出非平衡行为。普遍的看法是应避免出现非平衡状态。但是,正如我们使用具有巨大磁热效应的模型材料所展示的那样,非平衡相分离态为通过很小的驱动场扰动实现异常大的热效应提供了独特的机会。主题问题“考虑冷材料的相变温度”。

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