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Focus on the agents most frequently responsible for perioperative anaphylaxis

机译:专注于最常引起围手术期过敏反应的药物

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摘要

Adverse reactions (ARs) to drugs administered during general anesthesia may be very severe and life-threatening, with a mortality rate ranging from 3 to 9%. The adverse reactions to drugs may be IgE and non-IgE-mediated. Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBA) represent the first cause of perioperative reactions during general anesthesia followed by latex, antibiotics, hypnotic agents, opioids, colloids, dyes and antiseptics (chlorhexidine). All these substances (i.e. NMBA, anesthetics, antibiotics, latex devices) may cause severe systemic non-IgE-mediated reactions or fatal anaphylactic events even in the absence of any evident risk factor in the patient’s anamnesis. For this reason, in order to minimize perioperative anaphylactic reactions, it is important to have rapid, specific, sensitive in vitro diagnostic tests able to confirm the clinical diagnosis of acute anaphylaxis.
机译:全身麻醉期间对药物的不良反应(ARs)可能非常严重且危及生命,死亡率为3%至9%。对药物的不良反应可能是IgE和非IgE介导的。神经肌肉阻滞剂(NMBA)是全身麻醉期间围手术期反应的首要原因,其次是乳胶,抗生素,催眠药,阿片类药物,胶体,染料和防腐剂(洗必太)。所有这些物质(即NMBA,麻醉药,抗生素,乳胶器械)都可能引起严重的全身性非IgE介导的反应或致命的过敏反应,即使患者的病史中没有明显的危险因素也是如此。因此,为了使围手术期的过敏反应减至最小,重要的是进行快速,特异性,灵敏的体外诊断试验,以确认急性过敏反应的临床诊断。

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