In Huang Zongxi’s people-oriented theory,people have been given great importance in the political regime of a state.Huang Zongxi has developed people-oriented theory into a new peak in the history of Chinese political thoughts.Howev-er,compared with western theory of democracy,Huang Zongxi’s people-oriented theory is different in following aspects:1. Who is the sovereign 2.Who decides the law of the state and 3.The concrete design of the democratic institutions for people to discusses public issues.These differences show that there is still some distance between people-oriented theory and the theory of democracy.%黄宗羲的民本思想赋予了“民”在国家政治生活中很高的地位，是中国传统民本思想发展的顶峰。然而，与西方的民主理论相比，黄宗羲的“民本思想”在“谁之主权”、“谁之法律”以及“民主议事机构的设置”三方面仍然存在着巨大的差距，与现代民主理论有着根本区别。
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