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首页> 外文学位 >Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in Agriculture: Evaluating the Influence of Floral Resource Provisioning on Biological Control of Erythroneura Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and Planococcus Mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in California Vineyards.
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Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in Agriculture: Evaluating the Influence of Floral Resource Provisioning on Biological Control of Erythroneura Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and Planococcus Mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in California Vineyards.

机译：农业中的生物多样性和生态系统服务：评估花卉资源供应对加州葡萄园的菊苣叶蝉（Hemiptera：Cicadellidae）和Planococcus Mealybug（Hemiptera：Pseudococcidae）的生物控制的影响。

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摘要

The research tested the natural enemies hypothesis in an attempt to explain why lower pest densities are observed in some diversified farming systems. The research evaluated the influence of floral resource provisioning (FRP) and chemical ecology strategies on biological control of Erythroneura leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and Planococcus mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in California vineyards. Field and laboratory studies quantified the impacts on crop damage, pest and natural enemy abundance, and natural enemies fitness theorized to be enhanced through floral resource provisioning in agroecosystems. Multiple two-year studies measured the impact of intercropping three flowering ground covers, lacy phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia), bishop's weed (Ammi majus), and common carrot (Daucus carota) on biological control of leafhoppers and vine mealybug by the parasitoids Anagrus spp. (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) and Anagyrus pseudococci (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). Using identical intercropping treatments, the research included three large scale and fully replicated research designs located in the central San Joaquin, the northern San Joaquin, and the Napa Valley of California. Laboratory studies quantified the impacts of FRP on the fitness of Anagyrus pseudococci, a key parasitoid natural enemy of vine mealybug. The central San Joaquin Valley field study measured the impact of FRP and pheromone based mating disruption on biological control of vine mealybug. The northern San Joaquin Valley field study measured the impact of FRP and methyl salicylate on biological control of Erythroneura leafhoppers. The Napa Valley field study measured the effect of methyl salicylate alone on biological control of Erythroneura leafhoppers.
机译：该研究测试了天敌假说，试图解释为什么在某些多样化的耕作系统中观察到较低的有害生物密度。这项研究评估了加利福尼亚葡萄园中花卉资源供应（FRP）和化学生态策略对菊苣叶蝉（Hemiptera：Cicadellidae）和Planococcus粉虱（Hemiptera：Pseudococcidae）的生物防治的影响。田间和实验室研究量化了对作物损害，害虫和天敌丰度的影响，并通过理论确定了通过生态系统中花卉资源的供应来增强天敌适应性。一项为期两年的多项研究测量了套种三个开花地被植物，蕾丝的phacelia（Phacelia tanacetifolia），bishop的杂草（Ammi majus）和普通的胡萝卜（Daucus carota）对寄生虫Anagrus spp对叶蝉和藤粉虱的生物控制的影响。 （膜翅目：Mymaridae）和Anagyrus pseudococci（膜翅目：Encyrtidae）。使用相同的套种处理方法，该研究包括三个大型且完全复制的研究设计，分别位于圣华金中部，圣华金北部和加利福尼亚纳帕谷。实验室研究量化了FRP对Anagyrus pseudococci的适应性的影响，Anagyrus pseudococci是藤粉虱的主要寄生寄生天敌。圣华金河谷中心的野外研究测量了FRP和基于信息素的交配破坏对藤粉虱的生物学控制的影响。圣华金山谷北部的野外研究测量了FRP和水杨酸甲酯对Erythroneura叶蝉的生物防治的影响。纳帕谷田间研究测量了水杨酸甲酯对菊苣叶蝉的生物学控制的影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    Miles, Albie Felix.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Berkeley.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Berkeley.;
  • 学科 Environmental Sciences.;Biology Ecology.;Agriculture General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 101 p.
  • 总页数 101
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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