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首页> 外文会议>International Soil Conservation Organization Conference vol.3; 20020526-31; Beijing(CN) >Conservation Tillage and Crop Residue Mulching Rapidly Restored Soil Structure and Microbial Activity on Degraded Maize Fields in the Patzcuaro Watershed (Mexico)
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Conservation Tillage and Crop Residue Mulching Rapidly Restored Soil Structure and Microbial Activity on Degraded Maize Fields in the Patzcuaro Watershed (Mexico)

机译：帕茨夸罗流域（墨西哥）的保护性耕作和农作物残茬覆盖对退化玉米田的土壤结构和微生物活性的快速恢复

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摘要

A field experiment with seven soil management treatments was implemented in a degraded soil of the Patzcuaro Watershed in central Mexico to evaluate maize cropping with conventional tillage (CT), no-tillage under varying percentages of soil crop residue coverage (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%), and no-tillage under 33% of soil coverage together with planted leguminous species (Vicia sp. and Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The treatments of no-tillage under soil crop residue coverage were established in 1995 and the leguminous species were planted in 1998. Two years after planting leguminous species, the alternative management treatments had increased total organic carbon, biodegradable C fractions, such as water soluble C, water soluble carbohydrates and biomass C, and aggregate stability compared to CT treatment. The highest increase in aggregate stability was found in the no-tillage with 33% of soil crop residue coverage treatment (28% greater than CT treatment). In particular, the use of no-tillage, preserving a moderate amount of crop residue (33%) and planted leguminous species rapidly improved soil quality. Assayed conservation tillage practices can provide an alternative technology for carrying out a sustainable agriculture in the Patzcuaro watershed, which can be extrapolated to similar areas elsewhere.
机译：在墨西哥中部Patzcuaro流域的退化土壤上进行了7种土壤管理处理的田间试验，以评估传统耕作（CT），不耕作对土壤作物残茬覆盖率不同百分比（0％，33％， 66％和100％），以及种植的豆科物种（野豌豆（Vicia sp。）和菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris L.））的33％以下的土壤免耕。 1995年建立了土壤作物残茬覆盖率下的免耕处理方法，1998年种植了豆科植物。种植豆科植物两年后，替代管理方法增加了总有机碳，可生物降解的C组分（例如水溶性C）的含量。 ，与CT处理相比，水溶性碳水化合物和生物质C以及骨料的稳定性。在免耕条件下，总稳定性的增加最高，土壤覆盖量为33％（比CT处理高28％）。特别是免耕，保留适量的农作物残渣（33％）和种植的豆科物种的使用迅速改善了土壤质量。经确定的保护性耕作实践可以为在Patzcuaro流域进行可持续农业提供替代技术，该技术可以推广到其他地方的类似地区。

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